A joint is a point where two bones make contact. Joints can be classified either histologically on the dominant type of connective tissue functionally based on the amount of movement permitted. Histologically the three joints in the body are fibrous, cartilaginous, and synovial.
Some of the diseases that affect the joints include:
Arthritis. Arthritis may cause joint pain and swelling.
Lupus. This autoimmune disease affects many parts of the body and can cause joint and muscle pain
Sjögren's Syndrome. This autoimmune disease affects glands that make moisture in many parts of the body
Joint discomfort is common and usually felt in the hands, feet, hips, knees, or spine. Pain may be constant or it can come and go. Sometimes the joint can feel stiff, achy, or sore. Some patients complain of a burning, throbbing, or “grating” sensation. In addition, the joint may feel stiff in the morning but loosen up and feel better with movement and activity. However, too much activity could make the pain worse.
Joint pain may affect the function of the joint, and can limit a person’s ability to do basic tasks. Severe joint pain can affect the quality of life. Treatment should focus not only on pain but also on the affected activities and functions
Joint pain tends to affects those who:
Have had previous injuries to a joint
Repeatedly use and/or overuse a muscle
Have arthritis or other chronic medical conditions
Suffer from depression, anxiety, and/or stress
Are overweight
Suffer from poor health
Age is also a factor in stiff and painful joints. After years of use, and wear and tear on joints, problems may arise in middle-aged or older adults.
The most common causes of chronic pain in joints are:
Osteoarthritis: a common type of arthritis, happens over time when the cartilage, the protective cushion in between the bones, wears away. The joints become painful and stiff. Osteoarthritis develops slowly and usually occurs during middle age.
Osteoarthritis: Repeatedly use and/or overuse a muscle
Rheumatoid arthritis: is a chronic disease that causes swelling and pain in the joints. Often the joints become deformed (usually occurring in the fingers and wrists)
Gout: is a painful condition where crystals from the body collect in the joint, causing severe pain and swelling. This usually occurs in the big toe
Viral infections: rash, or fever may make joint movement painful
Injuries: such as broken bones or sprains
Bursitis: is caused by overuse. It is usually found in the hip, knee, elbow, or shoulder.
